Background: Surgical site infections are dreaded by many as they impose a greater economic costs, morbidity and mortality that in developing countries place a burden on an already burdened healthcare system. In Tanzania previously studies done in different centers reported high rates of Surgical Site Infection. This study aimed to quantify in a low income, tertiary hospital, the rate of Surgical Site infections, microorganisms implicated and their respective sensitivity pattern to local antibiotics, and associated perioperative risk factors in electively operated surgical and gynecological patients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre.

Introduction: Omental cysts are rare abdominal lesions which may be difficult to diagnose. The incidence of cystic lesions is about 1 per 140,000 general hospital admissions and about 1 per 20,000 pediatric hospital admissions. Most common presentation is abdominal distension. However, they may be an incidental finding or a painless abdominal mass and often mimicking ascites. The presentation is confusing in some cases which may result in mismanagement, added costs and trouble to the patient.

Introduction: Many patients with fecal incontinence (FI) have no treatment option except diversion. Gluteoplasty can be the ultimate resort for these patients despite unsatisfactory long term functional results. Different gluteoplasty techniques were described. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of fixing the proximally-based gluteus muscle flap to the contralateral ischial tuberosity on functional outcome in patients with end-stage FI.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of 0.5% bupivacaine soaked surgicel placed in the gall bladder bed and infiltration at port sites at laparoscopic cholecystectomy, in relieving pain during 1st 24 hours post procedure.

Inguinal hernia is a common condition with great number of referrals from primary health care to general surgeons, and the treatment is corrective surgery in practically all cases [1,2]. The options include open or laparoscopic approaches, absorbable or non-absorbable meshes, and the major complications have been the local chronic pain and the recurrence of hernia [1]. These main concerns about complications of open hernia repair are related to inadequate mesh dimension or position, and foreign body inflammatory reaction to material of the meshes [1]. Moreover, this surgical entity is one of main causes of absenteeism due to health problem [2]. We read with special interest the Research Article done by Simone Metal. about “a new chance for open inguinal hernia repair”, which was recently published in this Journal [1]. They retrospectively analyzed data obtained during 18 months from 710 surgical patients; and 85.45% were men with mean age of 51.8% whereas the mean age of women was 62 years [1]. The purpose was to evaluate a partially absorbable (90% poly-L-lactic acid) mesh that can elicit less intense foreign body reaction, with reduced local inflammatory phenomena [1].

Traumatic anterior shoulder instability is a typical condition in young people and athletes. There are many different injuries that may be present, producing or coexisting with shoulder instability, in addition to classic Bankart lesion. Post-traumatic shoulder dislocation is much less common, between 2% to 5% of all shoulder dislocation, ascending to 10% on contact sports people. The most common causes are seizures, high energy trauma and electrocution. Traumatic multidirectional instability without hypermobility is extremely rare. We have found no reports in literature about a similar case.